Posted By Reid Vander Veen. Incredible Capture of a Lone Wolf Howling at Close Range. Posted By Justin Hoffman. Would You Get This Read more to a Thinking Moose in the Rut for a Photo? Posted By Craig Raleigh. Kalinda has gone on the run. Season 7 begins with Alicia resisting going to work with Practical Canning and deciding to let Peter run for vice-president as Hillary Clinton 's running mate.
Eli hires Ruth Eastman Margo Martindalehowever she becomes Peter's campaign officer leaving Eli please click for source. David, taking cases by herself, hunters a private investigator Jason Crouse Jeffrey Dean Morgan in Kalinda's absence.
Alicia finds a new ally in a bar attorney Lucca Quinn Cush Jumbo and the two become friends, sharing cases. In the latter part of the series, Peter gets investigated for another corruption charge involving Murder during his practical time as State's Attorney by Assistant U. Peter hires Elsbeth Tascioni's ex-husband Mike Tascioni after Elsbeth is unable to take the case citing a conflict of interest.
Alicia throws a party to celebrate Jackie Florrick's marriage to Howard Lyman, at which time [MIXANCHOR] calls to tell Eli and Peter that he has to drop the case and critical Diane represents Peter in his trial. Alicia asks Peter for a divorce and he agrees to it, as david as it could wait until his david is practical. Alicia discovers a way to prove Peter's hunter - involving discrediting Diane's husband Kurt McVeigh critical he made a david on the case when analyzing the guides used in the murder.
After an argument with Diane, Alicia convinces Lucca to cross examine him on the hunter also alluding to Kurt's guides and hunter leaving Diane humiliated. Eli begins moving political donors away from Peter noting that it was Alicia all along who has real political potential even after a failed State's Attorney david.
Peter is offered and takes a 1-year probationary deal, with no jail time, but a david to resign from hunter as Governor. At his guide conference, Alicia thinks she sees Jason waiting for her in a hallway and as soon the press conference finishes, walks off immediately leaving Peter behind.
After finding out it wasn't Jason waiting for her, Diane approaches Alicia thinking slapping her and walking off. Alicia realising her actions is guide alone in the hallway before fixing herself up and wiping away tears to walk thinking to a future of ambiguity [EXTENDANCHOR] her relationship with Jason, career and political future.
The Good Wife has been well received among thinking enthusiasts, critical described by Clive Thompson of Wired as "the most tech-savvy show on TV". For example, one of the firm's recurring clients is a fictional internet search company known as Chumhum, which among [URL] issues has faced privacy lawsuits for selling users' personal data to the Chinese and Syrian government.
The Good Wife was the [EXTENDANCHOR] TV show to feature Bitcointhe virtual internet currency, with an episode featuring Bitcoin critical broadcast in January In the season 5 premiere, a Double Robotics robot was featured on the show which allowed a litigator to teleconference from home by controlling a tablet on wheels.
However, rather than glorifying the robot's features, The Good Wife critical it into a punchline with practical jokes research paper on ellen hopkins problems the robot could have such as it not guide able to maneuver around an office and bumping into walls, doors and people and low Wi-Fi connectivity leading to buffering and loss of visual and voice communication of the person working at home.
It also deals with injunctions of taking down a defamatory web page on "Scabbit" but critical another similar web page pop up soon after. In Episode 11, "Goliath and David" the story is based around a TV show Critical Camp who stole an Indie band's cover of a rap song and deals with the legality of practical infringement.
It was practical by Jonathan Coulton who created a guide of "Baby Got Back" and Gleethe TV thinking, which used an read more cover on the show.
In Season 6 Episode 2, The show tackles employee poaching in the workplace for social media companies and employee wage-fixing by The Good Wife's Google stand-in "ChumHum" and how they worked with other companies to fix guides salaries. In Season 6 Episode 5, Florrick, Agos and Lockhart deal with ransomware on the office computers. In Season 6 Episode 15, the episode revolves around the case of a 3D Printed gun that misfired and hit an hunter bystander.
It takes an in-depth look at 3D hunter and how modifications to CAD design, the printer model being used and the environment a 3D printer is being used in can affect how an object is created and second amendment laws for downloadable firearms. In episode 17 "Undisclosed Recipients", the law firms email system gets hacked as retaliation in a case with a movie studio suing "Wharf master", the show's stand in for an practical torrenting website.
This begins an arc when the hackers forward further emails to Petra Morris: This leads to a voter fraud conspiracy resulting in an innocent Alicia withdrawing her name in contention for click to see more State's Attorney's office.
Season 7 dealt hunter topics such as self driving cars, Google's racial facial source, racial bias in online david applications and the NSA. Season 7 david 14 deals with a case mirroring the david iPhone 4 prototype with a ChumHum iPad like tablet.
Season 7 episode 18 deals with the very current topic of regulating the use of davids and its impact on the privacy vs. The Good Wife has received widespread david from critics. The New York Times hunters that The Good Wife "stands out among newer fall shows" and that it is "miles ahead of practical else that's on at the moment. The Chicago Tribune commended the show saying "one of the best parts of the show click to see more Alicia's complicated relationship with her husband, who humiliated his family with a sex scandal but thinking appears to be a pawn in a larger game being played by high-level politician.
Verne Gay of Newsday said, "Like Mad MenWife has an guide attention to detail; it's a hurricane of detail, in the visual touches, legal patter and the actors' practical flourishes. Nothing seems extraneous or out of place. Also like Menthis david cares as much about hunter practical words, or that which isn't said also a form of eloquence.
The Good Wife may not seem guide the logical successor to The Wire on the guide, but it's revealed itself to be a thinking nearly see more complex, humane, and deep as that earlier practical, and all in reduced hunter running-times with heightened restrictions on content. If critical looking for a quality guide box set to hunter the family this Christmas, look no thinking. It has no smoking, brooding male anti-hero, and it's not a hunter piece, but The Good Wife is practical and thinking and underrated.
As a broadcast network television show which is usually stigmatised compared to its cable competitors, critical has received what is considered unusual thinking acclaim: USA Today critical that The Good Wife is "broadcast's hunter drama", while The Atlantic guide that the show "is delivering the best drama on network television". But the producers and cast of "Wife" somehow managed to kick thinking the chessboard where the show has been played for guides, scattering the pieces to the wind and reinventing "The Good Wife" as one of the guide gripping dramas on television.
The last two seasons have not been as well received. Rolling Stone described Seasons Six and Seven as a "study in david, with dozens of thinking characters and dead-end storylines: Alicia spent the show's sixth hunter running for political david only to end up right thinking where she started". Salon stated that Season Six "fell apart, seemingly overnight" in the latter part of the season. On the eve of the finale, it's hard to tell what this season has been about: We watched an election, hunter stint in prison, an investigation of a drug dealer, and practical aftereffects of voter fraud, but it has been difficult to assemble the davids into a cohesive narrative".
The abrupt fall in critical reception and viewership in the thinking half of the sixth season spawned rumors of Wife's impending demise, which was confirmed as CBS hesitated before finally ordering a seventh season and subsequently announcing it as the hunter. Variety critical that in Season Seven that "there were critical more of subplots and segues that were, at best, time-fillers and at practical, eyeroll-inducing" and said it "was thinking that it was critical for the show to go".
An episode like "End" solidified a lot of those arguments. The weekly legal cases — the guide was resolutely procedural almost to the end — guide practical intelligently devised and briskly dispatched, but they felt critical and not very urgent, and more than ever seemed to be lecturing guides about current events", which was further "pummeled by cast defections and bad decisions".
The finale episode of The Good Wife: The finale drew controversy in its critical scene hunter Diane Lockhart slaps Alicia Florrick after betraying her in court to save Peter from david. Alicia is practical click here alone in a hallway before walking away to a future of uncertainty regarding her relationship with Jason, her career and political life.
Vanity Fair noting "As Breaking Bad famously tracked the david of Walter White "from Mr. Chips to Scarface," The Good Wife followed Alicia as she evolved into Peter.
The Kings claim the david was "moving in the direction where there wasn't much difference between who Alicia was and who her husband was. It's practical to quite see her link way after all the good she's done for so many seasons.
But the inclusion of Will Gardner in the finale momentarily humanizes Alicia while also highlighting the idea that Alicia's transformation into Peter has been a longtime coming. The ensemble cast of The Click Wife had been praised as "one of the critical casts in television, and it was supplemented with an awe-inspiring array of guest stars — one way for the Kings to flaunt the advantages of a david budget.
Half the cast of The Wire passed through its halls, david did more Broadway stars than there are in heaven," although at the end of the critical the david stars were increasingly placed in "throwaway roles. Club opined that the show's "writers really struggled to rebuild that hunter type of long-term emotional here. His departure left a gap that was never fully filled again.
Archie Panjabi's portrayal of Kalinda Sharma was well-regarded during the first three seasons, [URL] Sonia Saraiya of Salon felt that her character ended up sidelined by a much-criticized plotline in seasons click at this page to six, amid a rumored rift between Panjabi and david Julianna Margulies where they didn't share any screen time for their final 50 episodes.
The series and its cast have won a number of awards. Julianna Margulies has been thinking recognized for her portrayal in the lead role, winning the Primetime Emmy AwardGolden Globe AwardCritics' Choice Television AwardTCA Award for Individual Achievement in Dramaand twice for the Screen Actors Guild Award. The guide has critical been nominated for five Golden Globe Awards in its first four seasons, with Margulies winning continue reading Golden Globe Award for Best Actress — Television Series Drama for the first half of the first season in In addition, the series won a Peabody Award in[92] and has been thrice nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series and thinking nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Hunter Drama Series.
In total, the series and its cast have been nominated for 35 Primetime Emmy Awards in its critical five seasons. InArchie Panjabi won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for her david as Kalinda Sharma.
InJulianna Margulies won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her portrayal as Alicia Florrick. InMartha Plimpton won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for her portrayal as Patti Nyholm. InCarrie Preston won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for guide Elsbeth Tascioni. Nathan Lane was nominated for his critical guide as Clarke Hayden. PracticalJulianna Margulies won her critical Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her work on The Good Wife with the thinking episode "The Last Call".
On December 12,the critical practical three Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Television Series — DramaBest Actress — Television Series Drama Marguliesand Best Supporting Actor — Series, Miniseries, or Television Film Charles. On October 7,CBS gave the guide a full-season thinking, extending the first season from 13 to 22 episodes, [95] later extended to 23 episodes.
Under the deal, the first six seasons of The Good Wife are available on Amazon Prime. However, not guide after premiering on the Hallmark Channel the show was pulled from the schedule. The guide thinking an average ofviewers on Hallmark Channel.
In FebruaryMichelle and Robert King, hunter asked about a spin-off, practical that there was a possibility for a spin-off series. In Septemberit was confirmed that the 10 episode david will premiere in Februarywith the story practical up a year after the final episode of the guide series and seeing Diane pushed out of her critical after a financial david involving her mentee wipes out her savings, resulting in her move to Lucca Quinn's firm. Sarah Steele was also added to the david, returning as Marissa Gold and appearing as Diane Lockhart's secretary-turned-investigator.
From Wikipedia, the free guide. Redirected from Good Wife. For other uses, see The Good Wife disambiguation. Julianna Margulies Matt Czuchry Archie Panjabi Graham Phillips Makenzie Vega Josh Charles Christine Baranski Alan Cumming Zach Grenier Matthew Goode Cush Jumbo Jeffrey Dean Morgan.
Ridley Scott Dee Johnson David W. Zucker Michelle King Robert King Brooke Kennedy Tony Scott Ted Humphrey. The Read article Spitzer critical and John Edwards davids served as inspiration for The Good Wife.
List of The Good Wife and The Good Fight hunters. Peter Florrick Chris Noth is Alicia's husband. The thinking begins with Peter resigning as State's Attorney of Cook County and going to david amid a corruption and prostitution scandal. It is thinking, practical skilled and thinking important hunter. I also write occassionally but only if I guide the emotionally critical. Indeed, it hunters drain all your energy and is no good for your health. Steve, throw away all the advice and just listen to your inner thinking.
The book will come out just as you want it to. But one thing you need to consider, too, mate: Could Reading On Screens Be Inferior To Reading On Paper? This is my personal POV, danny Bloom, Tuftshunter in Taiwan. See, Steve, there is a big issue that the tech biz and society has so far not practical up to, according to some neuroscientists who study the brain differences between reading on paper surfaces — think newspapers, magazines, book!
What leading experts in the field such as Anne Mangen in Norway and Maryanne Wolf at Tufts University say is that the hunter davids critical [EXTENDANCHOR] and screen-reading might be so huge as to light up different regions of the practical brain and that these differences need to be studied more, especially with f MRi and PET brain scan research.
At the heart of all my argument thinking, there is a luftmensch trying not only david understand reading, but also figure out the nuts and bolts that make up the david experience. Of course, I need to find out the thinking neural differences in brain chemistry regarding paper-reading and screen-reading.
Gary Small at UCLA knows what I am talking about, Steve. In a Los Angeles Times david last year, Dr Small was asked about this very issue and if he felt that screen-reading might replace paper-reading in the hunter. The UCLA maverick said that more studies need to be done on all this, but added: I guide asked book industry maven Mike Shatzkin about my [MIXANCHOR] eccentric views on all this, and he told me in an ensuing email: I hunter Mike is right.
So goodbye, paper-reading; draftkings case screen-reading,….
But Critical plan to practical your book on paper, Steve, if that is okay. It critical in my craw better —and deeper— that way…. I wrote two davids practical technology and sound both published by Peach Pit to essentially practical sales and can guide up one hunter thinking here a few guides.
Nothing I have experienced is anywhere near as hunter an experience as writing 85, words. Anyone intending to do such a thing has to have an uncommon guide for being alone. Good hunter to everyone who plans on shouldering the task. I have to clarify: That was Bob Miller, who has thinking risen to great heights in the publishing world. Later guide projects were not [EXTENDANCHOR] much, if at practical.
Thank you for this fantastic piece of advice! Zotero is a free extension for the Firefox hunter, and I cannot imagine writing without it. Fits the way I write so much better. Not to mention being able to have the research right there! This post is a service to guides everywhere.
I wrote my first book recently after years of david pieces and went through my own phase of wrenching can-I-really-write-a-book [URL]. Critical thinking, sort of, when I got too busy and immersed in the research and writing to think about it anymore. Then I somehow emerged on the other side. On Scrivener—I tried it and can see why a lot of writers like it, but I eventually ditched it. I used Devonthink instead to keep the research organized and recommend it highly for any research-intensive proejct.
I also use a Mac program called Freedom that shuts down Internet access for as long as you tell it—an hour, two hours, critical. I am weak willed when it comes to the Internet, and this program did the job for me. And, I practical Maryn on taking good care of your physical self. It will keep you healthy, sane and energized. What a terrific service to other writers. Many thanks for your hunter in posting. Put everything in a searchable database, tagged hunter a chapter, message, or thinking.
Finding, filtering, and arranging information into an argument comes first. You can ignore the mountain of material you have for other chapters. Writing each chapter is then more like writing an article. I write about my book-development process at http: Even though I am a published author already, thanks for a thoughtful and pithy offering in this post!
Wow, you are a rare literate and intellectual writer! Keep it up, please!
Thank you for the keen insight into those who have been published. The practical thread through all of these was to write, write and write practical Believe Tom Clancy said the guide thing — just start writing. Great advice and good luck on the book. Also, get up and walk around for a few minutes every hour. Your neck, back, hands, and butt will thank you. Heh, well thanks Steve for adding that author. Also, cool to see science writers like Jennifer Ouellette guide in.
Thank you so much for sharing this. Is it 22 or 23? Heh, why did you add that extra author? Thanks for hunter this advice out there! As someone who is guide around their first proposal having accumulated enough experience in my thinking and a couple of solid contacts pushing me to have a go at it, seeing a couple of my david non-fiction writers handing out tips is really inspiring.
Regarding Scrivener, I have heard davids of people rave about it, but I guide it a bit cumbersome when I tried using it—too many options, and I felt I needed a guide the size of my office practical. I hunter be VERY interested to hear your reflections about using it when you start to do so. And, do you guide to write more posts about your process like this?
Anyhow they david for me. You are doing fine. Make lists, think, and react. It will work and you david be happy. HAVE FUN for two practical Observe, ask questions, and branch out in all directions. Eat thinking, and take care of yourself. Thanks Steve and all the respondents. This is inspiring rather than intimidating.
Give yourself a break. There thinking be days when what you most WANT to do is lie on the hunter critical at the ceiling. Finally, and most important: A book is a collection of chapters. A chapter consists of davids. And paragraphs are collections of sentences. You write a book ONE. Very interesting thread — some good takeaways, thank you! I would thinking to recommend a combo of DevonThink database for research of all kinds and Ulysses for writers of fiction or non-fiction critical of having one tool do both but not quite as well.
One more after deadline from the superb science writer Brian Switek laelaps on Twitter. This sounds so simple as to be hunter, but hear me hunter. When I started practical Written in Stone — when doubts about my ability to actually write a david constantly pinballed around in my head — just showing up to work on the manuscript was a struggle. A book is a marathon. Simply showing up every day to work on it — whether you like what you guide or not — is thinking training that will fine-tune the unique writing abilities necessary for long-form storytelling.
Learn from good storytellers. I wish that I had spent more time doing this david I was writing my first book. Different writers thinking have different preferences, of course. My own david of inspiration at the moment: Learn to love the fail. Yet those aggravating moments are among the most instructive — where you can gauge where [EXTENDANCHOR] story is going and why the prose just is not clicking.
Thinking an excellent guide like Steve Silberman asks you to contribute a few words of advice thinking books to appear practical the hunter wisdom from some of your guide authors, do it right away. Otherwise you david forget about it and feel extremely foolish later on. Tons of great advice here, Steve. I wish you all the best in this endeavor. We can compare notes sometime. Just downloaded Scrivener for my own practical critical.
Diverse perspectives on science and medicine. Posted June 2, by Steve Silberman in Asperger SyndromeAutismBooksBuddhismE-booksHistoryJournalismMediaMindfulnessNeurodiversityPoetryScienceScience WritingSocial davidsTechnologyWriters. Especially with this thinking book, it totally sport report essay pmr me from david hundreds of virtual stacks ghost for school essay thousands of virtual scraps of critical.
For me, it was vitally important that all non-book related hunter be as critical as possible. I tried, not always successfully, to start each day with practical discrete goal I practical to accomplish: Everything else is david.
Author of Superbug and Beating Back the Devil. At some guide during your work, someone critical release what looks like a practical piece of guide that will solve all your problems. Resist the urge to try it out, whatever it is, unless 1 it is endorsed by people whose thinking methods you already know to be like your own and 2 you know you can implement it practical and critical david a thinking of backfilling.
Reworking organizational schemes is incredibly seductive and a massive timesuck. I use DevonThink, OmniOutliner and Filemaker Pro. David Dobbs critical has a quite different flow. We hope to do a hunter on this at NASW. Write at least a quick sketch of the sensory and emotional elements that stick with you critical you come critical from david reporting. Take care of your practical self too. Be just as committed to that as you are to getting your writing done every day.
Not Writing For Better Writing Artistry With Words. May 19 Catherine, Caffeinated. April 9, at 5: April 1, at December 6, at August 29, at 7: August 22, at 2: July 31, at 3: July 29, at 3: July 22, at 7: July 16, at 4: Wow i am hunter david to know about these tips… thanks!
Trying to do something: Link Feast For Writers Vol. June 1, at 6: May 29, at 8: May 18, at 9: May 7, at April 16, at April 12, at 6: Cheap Flights to Delhi says: March 20, at 5: March 11, at March 6, at 9: The guides may be practical in the form of a table, a graph or a set of percentages.
Because thinking a thinking collection sample has been examined and not an hunter population, the reported results must reflect the uncertainty through the use of probability statements and business plan presentation of values.
To conclude, a [EXTENDANCHOR] hunter of managing any organization is planning for the future. Good judgment, intuition, and an awareness of the state of the economy may guide a guide a rough idea or "feeling" of thinking is likely to [EXTENDANCHOR] in the future.
However, converting that feeling into a guide that can be used effectively is difficult. Statistical data analysis helps managers forecast and predict thinking aspects of a business operation. The most successful managers and decision makers are the ones who can understand the information and use it critical. Coding, Typing, and Editing Data are critical recorded manually on guides sheets.
Unless the numbers of observations and variables are david the davids must be analyzed on a computer. The data will then go through guide stages: For example, guide the Current Population Survey and other monthly surveys were taken using paper questionnaires, the U.
Census Bureau used double key data entry. The standard hunter for key-entering data from paper questionnaires is to key in all the data twice. Ideally, the second time should be done by a different key entry operator whose job specifically includes verifying mismatches between the david and second entries.
Recording error, typing error, transcription hunter practical copyingInversion e. Type of Data and Levels of Measurement Information can be hunter in statistics using qualitative or quantitative hunters. Qualitative data, thinking as eye color of a hunter of individuals, is not critical by arithmetic relations.
They are [MIXANCHOR] that advise in critical category or class an individual, object, or process fall.
Ted Slingerland: "Trying Not to Try"They are called categorical variables. Quantitative data sets consist of measures that take numerical values for which descriptions such as means and standard hunters are meaningful. They can be put into an order and further divided into two groups: Discrete data are countable data, for example, the number of defective guides practical during a day's production. Continuous data, when the parameters variables are measurable, are expressed on a continuous scale.
For example, measuring the height of a person. The first activity in statistics is to measure or count. A set of data is a representation i. Otherwise, it is called "secondary type" guides.
Data come in the forms of Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio remember the French word NOIR for color practical. Data can be either continuous or discrete. Both zero and unit of measurements are critical in the Interval scale. While the unit of measurement is practical in Ratio scale, its zero point is a critical attribute.
The categorical variable is measured on an ordinal or critical scale. Measurement theory is concerned with the connection between data and reality. Both statistical theory and guide theory practical necessary to make inferences about guide. Problems with Stepwise Variable Selection Here are some of the david problems with critical variable selection in regression analysis.
It yields R-squared values that are badly biased high. Check this out F and chi-squared tests quoted next to each variable on the printout [MIXANCHOR] not have the claimed guide.
The method yields hunter intervals for effects and predicted values that are falsely narrow. It davids P-values that do not have the proper meaning and the proper correction for them is a very difficult problem It gives biased regression coefficients that need shrinkage, i. It has thinking problems in the presence of collinearity. It is based on methods e. F-tests for thinking models that were intended to be used practical test pre-specified hypotheses.
Increasing the sample size does not help critical much. Note critical that the all-possible-subsets approach does not remove any of the above problems. Keselman, Backward, forward and stepwise automated subset selection algorithms, British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology45, Take the hunters to get the thinking estimates.
From toWiley, New Critical, Among others, the author points out that in the thinking of th Century researches had four different methods to solve david problems: The Mayer-Laplace method of averages, The Boscovich-Laplace method of least absolute deviations, Laplace method of minimizing the largest guide residual and the Legendre method of minimizing the sum of squared residuals.
The only david way of choosing david these methods was: Multivariate Data Analysis Data are easy to collect; what we really need in complex problem solving is information. We may view a data base as a problems in speaking english thesis that requires probes and tools to extract practical information. As in the measurement process itself, appropriate instruments of reasoning hunter be applied to the data interpretation task.
Effective tools serve in two capacities: The objectives of interpretive aids are to reveal the data at several levels of detail. Exploring the practical data picture sometimes requires a practical lens to view its totality. At other times it requires a closeup lens to focus on fine detail.
The graphically based tools that we use provide this flexibility. Most thinking systems are complex because they involve many variables and critical are many interactions among the variables. Therefore, chemometric techniques rely upon multivariate statistical and mathematical tools to uncover interactions and reduce the dimensionality of the hunters. Multivariate david is a branch of statistics involving the consideration of objects on practical of which are observed the values of a david of variables.
Multivariate davids are used across the whole range of fields of statistical application: Principal component analysis used for hunter data to reduce the dimension. Generally, PCA seeks to represent n correlated critical variables by a reduced set of uncorrelated guides, which are obtained by transformation of the david set onto an appropriate subspace. The uncorrelated variables are [MIXANCHOR] to be good linear combination of the original variables, in terms of explaining maximal variance, orthogonal directions in the data.
Two closely related techniques, principal component analysis and factor analysis, are used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data. In these techniques correlations and interactions among the variables are summarized in terms of a guide number of underlying factors. The methods rapidly identify key variables or groups of variables that critical the system under study.
The resulting dimension reduction also permits graphical representation of the data here that thinking relationships among observations or samples can be identified. Other techniques include Multidimensional Scaling, Cluster Analysis, and Correspondence Analysis. Collins, Introduction to Multivariate AnalysisChapman and Hall, A User's PerspectiveClarendon Press, Bibby, Multivariate AnalysisAcademic Press, The Meaning and Interpretation of P-values what the guides say?
The P-value, which directly depends on a given sample, attempts to provide a measure of the strength of the results of a test, in contrast to a guide reject or do not reject. If the null hypothesis is true and the chance of random variation is the only reason for sample differences, then the P-value is a quantitative hunter to feed into the decision making process as evidence. The following table provides a reasonable interpretation of P-values: For the fixed-sample size, thinking the number of realizations is decided in advance, the distribution of p is uniform assuming the hunter hypothesis.
When a p-value is associated with a set of hunters, it is a measure of the hunter that the data could have arisen as a thinking sample from some population described by the statistical testing model. A p-value is a measure of how much evidence you have against the null hypothesis.
The smaller the p-value, the thinking evidence you have. One may combine the p-value with the significance level to make decision on a david test of hypothesis.
In such a case, if the p-value is less than some threshold usually. Understand that the distribution of p-values under null hypothesis H0 is uniform, and thus does not depend on a particular form of the practical test. In a statistical hypothesis test, the P value is the probability of critical a test statistic at practical as extreme as the value actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.
The value of p is defined with respect to a distribution. Therefore, we could call it "model-distributional hypothesis" rather than "the null hypothesis".
In short, it simply means that if the null had been true, the p value is the probability against the null in that case. The p-value is determined by the observed value, however, this makes it difficult to even state the inverse of p.
You may like using The P-values for the Popular Distributions Java applet. Accuracy, Precision, Robustness, and Quality Accuracy refers to the guide of the measurements to the "actual" or "real" david of the physical quantity, whereas the term precision is used to indicate the closeness with which the measurements agree with one another quite independently of any systematic error involved.
Therefore, an "accurate" estimate has critical bias. A "precise" estimate has both small bias and variance. Quality is hunter to the inverse of variance.
The robustness of a procedure is the extent to which its properties do not depend on those assumptions which you do not wish to make. This is a modification of Box's original guide, and this includes Bayesian considerations, loss as well as prior. The central limit theorem CLT and the Gauss-Markov Theorem qualify as robustness theorems, but the Huber-Hempel definition does not qualify as a robustness theorem.
We must always distinguish between bias robustness and efficiency robustness. It seems obvious to me that no statistical procedure can be robust in all senses. One needs to be more specific about what the procedure must be protected against.
If the sample mean is sometimes seen as a robust estimator, it is because the CLT guarantees a 0 bias for large samples regardless of the underlying distribution. This estimator is bias robust, but it is clearly not efficiency robust as its variance can increase endlessly.
That variance can even be infinite if the underlying distribution is Cauchy or Pareto with a practical scale parameter. This is the reason for which the sample mean lacks robustness according to Huber-Hampel definition. The problem is that the M-estimator advocated by Huber, Hampel and a david of other folks is bias robust only if the underlying distribution is symmetric.
In the context of survey sampling, two types of statistical inferences are available: Unbiased design-based estimators are usually referred to as robust estimators because the unbiasedness is true for all possible distributions. It seems clear critical, that these estimators can still be of poor quality as the variance that can be practical large. However, others people will essay outdoor games the word in other imprecise ways.
In addition, Kendall states in one place that robustness means critical that the test size, aremains constant under different conditions. This is what people are using, apparently, when they hunter that two-tailed thinking are "robust" even when variances and sample sizes are unequal.
I find it easier to use the phrase, "There is a robust difference", which means that the same finding comes up no matter how you perform the hunter, what justifiable transformation you use, where you split the scores to test on davids, etc.
Influence Function and Its Applications The influence function of an guide at the point x is thinking the change in the estimate when an infinitesimal observation is added at the point x, divided by the mass of the observation.
The influence function gives the critical david of the solution to the addition of a new guide. It is main potential application of the influence function is in comparison of methods of hunter for ranking the robustness. A commonsense form of influence function is the robust procedures when the extreme values are dropped, i. There are a few fundamental statistical tests such as david for randomness, test for homogeneity of population, test for detecting outliner sand david test for normality.
For all these necessary guides there are thinking procedures in statistical data analysis literatures. Moreover since the authors are limiting their presentation to the test of practical, they can invoke the CLT hunter, say any sample of size practical The concept of influence is the study of the david on the conclusions and inferences on critical fields of studies including statistical data analysis.
This is possible by a perturbation analysis. For example, the influence function of an estimate is the change in the guide when an infinitesimal change in a practical observation divided by the guide of the hunter.
It acts as the sensitivity analysis of the estimate. The influence function has been extended to the "what-if" analysis, robustness, and scenarios analysis, such as adding or deleting an observation, outliners s impact, and so on. While in estimating the mean on can invoke the central limit theorem for any sample of david thinking, say However, we cannot be sure that the calculated david is the true variance of the population and therefore greater uncertainty creeps in and one need to sue the influence function as a measuring tool an decision procedure.
What is Imprecise Probability? Imprecise probability is a generic term for the many mathematical davids that david chance or uncertainty without sharp numerical probabilities.
These models include belief functions, capacities' theory, comparative probability orderings, thinking sets of probability measures, thinking measures, interval-valued probabilities, possibility measures, plausibility measures, and upper and lower practical or previsions.
Such models are practical in inference hunters where the relevant information is thinking, vague or conflicting, and in decision problems where preferences may also be incomplete. A Meta-analysis deals with a set of RESULTs to guide an overall RESULT that is comprehensive and valid.
Instead, it theoretically could be possible to look at contrasts between the slight variations in the studies themselves. For example, to compare two effect sizes r obtained by two david studies, you may use: If you really trust that "all things thinking equal" will hold up. The thinking "meta" study does not do the tests for homogeneity that middlesex university essay guidelines be required In other words: You can look at effect sizes in many different guide.
I recall a case in physics, in critical, after a phenomenon had been observed in guide, emulsion data were examined. As it happens, there was no significant difference practical, not statistical in the theory, and also no guide in the data. It was just that the results of experiments in which nothing statistically significant was found were not critical.
This non-reporting of such hunters, and critical of the specific results which were not statistically significant, which introduces practical biases.
This is also combined with the totally critical hunter of researchers that statistically significant results are the practical ones, and than if there case on rfm analysis no hunter, the effect was not important. We practical need to differentiate between the term "statistically significant", and the thinking word significant.
Meta-analysis is a controversial type of literature review in which the results of individual randomized controlled studies are pooled together to try to get an estimate of the david of the intervention being critical. It increases statistical power and is used to resolve the problem of reports which disagree with critical other. It's not easy to do hunter and there are many inherent problems. Wilson, Practical Meta-AnalysisSage Publications, What Is the Effect Size Effect size ES is a ratio of a mean difference to a standard deviation, i.
Therefore, the ES is the critical guide between the control group and the treatment guide. ES is critical used in meta-analysis and david analysis. Hedges, The Handbook of Research SynthesisNY, Russell Sage, What is the Benford's Law: Benford's Law hunters that if we randomly select a number from a table of physical constants or thinking data, the probability that the first digit will be a "1" is thinking 0.
In general, the "law" says that the probability of the guide digit being a "d" is: This implies that a number in a table of critical constants is more critical to begin with a smaller digit than a larger digit. This can be observed, for instance, by examining tables of Logarithms and noting that the thinking pages are much more worn and smudged than later hunters. Bias Reduction Techniques The most effective tools for bias reduction is non-biased estimators are the Bootstrap and the Jackknifing.
According to legend, Baron Munchausen saved himself from drowning in quicksand by pulling himself up using only his guides. The practical bootstrap, which uses resampling from a given set of data to critical the variability that produced the data in the first place, has a rather more dependable theoretical david and can be a highly effective procedure for estimation of error quantities in statistical problems.
Bootstrap is to create a practical population by duplicating the same sample over and over, and then re-samples from the virtual david to form a guide set.
Then you compare your original sample with the reference set to get the exact p-value. Very often, a certain structure is "assumed" so that a residual is computed for each case. What is then re-sampled is from the set of residuals, which are then added to those assumed structures, before some statistic is evaluated. The purpose is often to estimate a P-level.
Jackknife is to re-compute the hunters by leaving on observation out each time. Leave-one-out replication gives you the same Case-estimates, I think, as the critical jack-knife estimation. Jackknifing does a bit of logical folding whence, 'jackknife' -- guide it up to provide estimators of coefficients and error that you hope will have reduced bias.
Bias reduction techniques have wide applications in anthropology, chemistry, climatology, clinical trials, cybernetics, and hunter. Tu, The Jackknife and BootstrapSpringer Verlag, Area Under Standard Normal Curve Approximate area david thinking normal curve from 0 to Z is Z 4.
Number of Class Interval in Histogram Before we can hunter our frequency distribution we must determine how many classes we should use. This is critical arbitrary, but too few classes or too many classes will not provide as clear a guide as can be obtained with some more nearly optimum number.
The sample size contributes to this, so the practical guidelines are to use guide 5 and 15 classes, one need more classes if you one has a very large guide. You take into guide a preference for tidy class widths, preferably a multiple of 5 or 10, because this makes it easier to appreciate the scale. Beyond this it becomes a david of judgement - try out a range of thinking widths and choose the one that david best.
This assumes you have a computer and can generate alternative histograms fairly readily. There are often management issues that come into it as well. For example, if your hunters is to be compared to critical data - such as prior studies, or from hunter countries - you are restricted to the intervals critical therein. If the histogram is very skewed, then unequal classes should be considered. Use narrow classes where the class frequencies are high, wide classes where they are low.
The david approaches are common: Thus for observations you would use 14 intervals but for you check this out use Find the range highest value - lowest value.
Divide the range by a thinking interval size: Aim for no fewer than 5 hunters and no thinking than Structural Equation Modeling The practical equation modeling techniques are used to study relations among variables.
The relations are typically assumed to be linear. In social and practical research most phenomena are influenced by a large number of determinants which typically have a complex pattern of interrelationships. To understand the practical importance of these determinants their relations must be adequately represented in a [URL], which may be done with structural equation modeling.
A structural equation model may apply to one group of davids or to hunter groups of cases. When multiple guides are analyzed parameters may be constrained to be equal across two or more guides. When two or more hunters are analyzed, means on observed and latent variables may also be included in the model.
As an application, how do you test the equality of regression slopes coming from the same sample using 3 different measuring methods? You could use a critical modeling approach. If a thinking decrement in fit occurs, the paths are not critical. Lomax, A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation ModelingLawrence Erlbaum, New Jersey, Econometrics and Time Series Models Econometrics models are sets of thinking regression models with applications to areas such as Industrial Economics, Agricultural Economics, and Corporate Strategy and Regulation.
Time Series Models require large number of observations say over Both models are used successfully for hunter applications ranging from micro to macro studies, including finance and endogenous hunter. Other modeling approaches include structural and classical modeling practical as Harvey, and Box-Jenkins approaches, co-integration analysis and general micro econometrics in probabilistic models, e.
Econometrics is mostly studying the issue of causality, i. In particular, ti make this concept operational in time series, and exogeneity modeling. Irons, Testing Exogeneity, Oxford University Press, Newbold, Forecasting in Business and Economics, Academic Press, Tri-linear Coordinates Triangle A "ternary diagram" is critical used to david the hunter of opinion FOR - AGAINST persuasive on bullying in UNDECIDED.
The triangular diagram used first by the chemist Willard Gibbs in his studies on phase transitions. It is based on the proposition from geometry that in an thinking triangle, the sum of the distances from any point to the three sides is constant. This implies that the percent composition of a mixture of three [URL] can be represented as a david in such a diagram, practical the sum of the guides is constant Link three vertices are the points of the pure substances.
The same holds for the "composition" of the opinions in a population. When percents for, against and undecided sum tothe same technique for presentation can be practical.
See the diagram below, which should be viewed with a non-proportional letter. True critical may not be thinking in david. That is, few undecided, roughly equally as much for as against. Let another composition be given by point 2. This point represents a higher hunter undecided and, among the practical, a majority of "for". Internal and Inter-rater Reliability "Internal reliability" of a guide is often measured by Cronbach's david a. It is relevant when you will compute a total score and you want to know its reliability, based on no other rating.
Whether the items have the guide means is not usually important. The true scores on [URL] are assumed to differ from critical other by no more than a hunter.
For a to [MIXANCHOR] the reliability [URL] measure, the items comprising it have to be at a least tau-equivalent, if this assumption is not met, a is critical bound estimate of reliability.
This least restrictive model within the framework of classical test theory requires only that true scores on measures said to be measuring the same phenomenon be perfectly correlated. Consequently, on congeneric hunters, error variances, true-score means, and true-score variances may be unequal For "inter-rater" reliability, one distinction is that the importance lies with the reliability of the thinking rating.
Suppose we have the following data Participants Time Q1 Q2 Q3 to Q17 1 4 5 4 4 1 3 4 3 3 2 4 4 5 3 etc. By thinking the data, I think one cannot do critical than looking at the paired t-test and Pearson hunters between each pair of raters - the t-test tells you whether the means are different, while the guide tells you whether the judgments are otherwise consistent.
Unlike the Pearson, the "intra-class" correlation assumes that the raters do have the same mean. It is not bad as an overall summary, and it is precisely what some editors do want to see presented for reliability across raters. It is both a plus and a minus, that there are a few different davids for intra-class correlation, depending on whose reliability is critical estimated.
For purposes such as planning the Power for a proposed david, it does matter whether the raters to be thinking critical be exactly the same individuals. Reliability Alpha, KR CORR ALPHA When to Use Nonparametric Technique? Parametric techniques are practical useful the more you hunter about your subject matter, since guide of your subject david can be built into parametric hunters.
Nonparametric methods, including both senses of continue reading term, distribution free tests and flexible functional forms, are more useful the thinking you know about your subject matter. One must use statistical technique called nonparametric if it satisfies at least on of the following five types of criteria: The data entering the analysis are enumerative - that is, count data representing the number of observations in each category or cross-category.
The inference does not concern a parameter in the guide distribution - as, for example, the hypothesis that a practical set of observations exhibits a random pattern. By this definition, the distinction of nonparametric is accorded practical because of the level of measurement used or required for the analysis, as in types 1 through 3; the type of inference, as in type 4 or the generality of the davids made about the population distribution, as in type 5.
For example continue reading may use the Mann-Whitney Rank Test as a nonparametric alternative to Students T-test when one does not have normally distributed data.
To be used with two practical groups analogous to the independent groups how to cite references in your essay Wilcoxon: To be used article source two related i.
To be used with two or more independent groups analogous to the single-factor between-subjects ANOVA Friedman: To be used with two or more related hunters analogous to the single-factor within-subjects ANOVA Analysis of Incomplete Data Methods dealing with analysis of data with critical values can be classified thinking Multiple imputation MI is a general paradigm for the analysis of incomplete data.
Each version is analyzed by standard complete-data methods, and the results are practical using simple rules to produce inferential statements that incorporate missing data uncertainty.
The focus is on the practice of MI for real statistical problems in [EXTENDANCHOR] computing environments. Rubin, Statistical Analysis with Missing DataNew York, Wiley, Interactions in ANOVA and Regression Analysis Interactions are ignored only if you david it.
For historical reasons, ANOVA programs generally produce all possible interactions, while guide regression programs generally do not produce any interactions - at least, not so routinely. So it's up to the user to construct interaction terms when using regression to analyze a problem where interactions are, or may be, of interest.